 Industry
Punjab
is primarily an agrarian state, the future lies in the
development of industry by harnessing the synergies
in agriculture and industry through the development of agro
based industry by further strengthening base of manufacturing
industries. Keeping this in view, the State Govt. has already
notified new industrial policy from
1st April,
2003. This new policy, therefore, has to address itself to
the two basic issues, i.e. to promote investment and development
in the growth areas of agro based and knowledge based industries,
and to rejuvenate and strengthen existing industries, particularly
the small and medium enterprises. This policy has also facilitated
the private sector participation in industrial parks, multiplexes
and tourism projects.
Large
and Medium Scale Units
During
2003-04 a number of 551 large and medium units were working
in the state with a fixed investment of Rs.21089 crores, employing
2.33 lakh persons with a production value of Rs. 31972 crores.
This number increased to 562(P) with a fixed investment of
Rs. 21508(P) crores, providing employment to 2.37(P) lakh
persons with the production value of Rs. 32610(P) crores during
2004-05. It is expected that the number of these units will
increase to 580(P) in 2005-06 with a fixed investment of Rs.
22197(P) crores, generating employment for 2.45 (P) lakh
persons with the production value of Rs. 33655(P) crores.
Small
Scale Units
Small
Scale units are the backbone of the industrial structure in
the state. These units are manufacturing a variety of goods
ranging from tiny needles to sophisticated electronic goods.
During the year 2003-04 there were 2.03 lakh working units
with a fixed investment of Rs.4816 crores generating employment
to 9.30 lakh persons with the production value of Rs.24984
crores. For the year 2004-05 these units increased to 2.04(P)
lakh with a fixed investment of Rs.4835 (P) crores and providing
employment to 9.34(P) lakh persons with the turnover of Rs.25095
(P) crores. It is expected that number will increase to 2.05(P)
lakh units with a fixed investment of Rs.4855 (P) crores
providing employment to 9.38(P) lakh persons with the production
value of Rs. 25200(P) crores during the year 2005-06.
The Punjab
State Agro Industries Corporation
The
Punjab State Agro-Industries Corporation (PAIC) is a nodal
agency for developing agro-based Industries in the state.
The Corporation has set up two projects based on agriculture
and allied activities with an investment of Rs. 13.87 crores
providing employment to 150 persons up to Sept., 2005. Two
more new projects are likely to be set up in the State by
the assistance of the corporation with a cost of Rs.34.75
crores providing employment to 175 persons during the remaining
period of the year 2005-06.
The Punjab
Information & Communication Technology Corporation
The Punjab Information & Communication Technology
Corporation Ltd. (Punjab Info-Tech), a State Govt. under taking
working as nodal agency engaged in the promotion of information
technology, information technology enabled services (ITES),
electronics and communication industry in the state of Punjab.
The Corporation has implemented four projects during the year
2004-05 involving the cost of Rs. 493.99 crores providing
employment to 2296 persons. The Corporation is likely to implement
ten projects during 2005-2006 with an investment of approximately
Rs.894.50 crores which would provide employment to 9905 persons.
Up to September, 2005, the Corporation has implemented two
projects costing Rs.3.00 crores providing employment to 1550
persons.
Punjab
State Industrial Development Corporation
The
Punjab State Industrial Development Corporation (PSIDC) plays
an important role for the promotion of large and medium scale
industries. One project of fresh frozen meat which was partially
commissioned during the year 2004-05 has started commercial
production during the year 2005-06 with a total investment
of Rs. 25.00 crores providing employment to 100 persons by
the corporation. One more project of fresh frozen meat is
likely to be set up during the year 2005-06 with an investment
of Rs. 27.00 crores which would provide employment to 100
persons.
The
state government with the help of Govt. of India
is also setting up an Export Promotion Industrial
Park at Dhandari Kalan in district Ludhiana having a cumulative
expenditure of Rs. 1620.54 lakhs up to 31.10,2005 against
a Central assistance of Rs. 1030.00 lakhs.
The Punjab
Small Industries and Export Corporation
The
Punjab Small Industries & Export Corporation (PSIEC) has
so far developed 38 Industrial Focal Points where in 10777
plots have been developed of various sizes out of which 9101
plots have been allotted up to 31.3.05. The development work
of Amritsar Phase-III is in progress. Apart from this
under industrial housing scheme, a total number of 2842 residential
plots of various sizes have been developed out of which 1987
plots have been allotted up to 31.3.05 at existing focal points
namely Bathinda, Naya Nangal, S.A.S. Nagar, Amritsar new,
Growth Centre Pathankot, Goindwal, Jalandhar Extn., Patiala,
Ludhiana Phase-V, Ludhiana Phase- VIII, Chanalon etc.
Exports
from the state were to the tune of Rs. 10729.00 crores in
2004-05 as against Rs.8933.00 crores in 2003-04 showing significant
increase of 20.11 percent over the previous year. It is anticipated
that exports from the state will be more than Rs.14000.00
crores during the year 2005-06.
Industrial
Finance
The Punjab Financial Corporation (PFC) provides medium and
long term loans to the entrepreneurs for assisting small,
medium and large scale units for the creation of the fixed
assets. For this purpose during the year 2004-05 an amount
of Rs.0.26 crores was disbursed. The target for sanctioning
and disbursing amount of Rs.60.00 crores and Rs.40.00 crores
respectively for the year 2005-06 has been fixed by the corporation.
Industrial
Production
The
production items such as baby food, sugar, vanaspati ghee,
coffee, cattle feed, milk all kinds, rice bran oil, Indian
made foreign liquor, ginned and pressed kapas, urea ‘ N’ content,
cycle/ rickshaw tyres, auto parts and footballs showed an
increase in 2003-04 over the previous year. However, production
items viz.milk powder all kinds, mustard oil, woolen
hosiery, acid oil, ammonium choloride,rims,handles, bars and
rolls, polyester yarn, paper all kind and oil cakes recorded
a fall during 2003-04 over the previous year.
General
Index of Industrial Production
The
General Index of Industrial Production (IIP) for registered
working factories for the year 2003-04(base 1993-94) has been
prepared for the State. The general index of Industrial Production
has recorded a marginal increase of 0.90(P) percent over the
previous year.
Energy
Energy
known as power is one of the prime movers of a economy. Adequate
and reliable availability of power is indispensable for sustained
growth of the economy. Renewable and non-renewable sources
of energy are the two constituents of energy. Renewable sources
of energy include hydro-power, fuel wood, bio-gas, solar,
wind, geo-thermal and tidal power. Non-renewable sources of
energy include coal, oil and gas. As there are no coal mines
or oil wells, geo-thermal and tidal power available in the
Punjab, the state is dependent mainly on thermal, hydel and
solar power.
Energy in the form of electricity is crucial input in the
process of economic development. The performance of all important
sectors in the economy ranging from agriculture to commerce
and industry depends on the availability, cost and quality
of power. The demand for electricity is increasing day by
day. To meet this demand, the optimum utilization of the power
generated, substantial reduction of transmission and distribution
losses, maximizing generation from the existing capacity is
utmost necessary. The main source of power in the State all
along has been hydro electric power and thermal power. Three
perennial rivers flow through the State and these along with
falls on the canals are being exploited to generate electricity.
For thermal power, the state had three power stations at Bathinda,
Ropar and Lehra Mohabbat.Rice straw plant of 10 MW at Jalkhari
has been leased out w.e.f. 24.7.02. For thermal power,
coal has to be transported from distant places. . The scope
for solar energy is very wide in the State. Bio-gas can meet
the requirements of rural people to a limited extent. So there
is a need to develop new plants like nuclear power plant and
strengthening of solar power system to generate energy.
Electricity
Installed
Plant Capacity
The
installed plant capacity for electric power generation in
the State is 4450 MW, in 2005-06.
Plant
Load Factor
Thermal
power plants are expected to generate a plant load factor
of 74.69 percent during 2005-06 as against 77.45 percent during
2004-05.
Electrical
Energy Availability
During
2005-06 the generation of electricity from hydro and steam
/thermal plants has been targeted at 9324 million KWH and
13870 million KWH respectively. By including the anticipated
purchase of 10293 million KWH from other power plants, the
total energy availability in the State is estimated to be
33487 million KWH during 2005-06(P) as compared to 32197 million
KWH during 2004-05(A)
Hydel
power development constitutes a major thrust area in the energy
development programme. In this sector, micro hydel power development
is not only economical but also the most environment friendly
renewable energy Programme. State is taking advantage of the
available mini falls on the canals to tap this source to good
effect. During 2005-06, the target for generation of 10 million
KWH of electricity from micro hydel power has been fixed.
Energy
Sales and Revenue Realised per Unit
66.29
percent of the total energy sold was consumed by the industry
and agriculture sectors during 2004-05; where
as about 65.57 percent of the total energy sold is expected
to be consumed by the Industry and agriculture sectors during
2005-06. While comparing the cost of generation of electricity
per unit with the average revenue per unit, it is evident
that the Punjab State Electricity Board is facing per unit
losses as per given in the table:
Year
Average revenue per unit
Average cost per unit
(Rs.) (Rs.)
1991-92
0.60
0.88
1995-96
1.25
1.59
1996-97
1.36
1.68
1997-98
1.48
1.96
1998-99
1.57
2.07
1999-2000
1.62
2.36
2000-01
2.07
2.93
2001-02
2.16
3.26
2002-03
2.36
3.16
2003-04
2.62
2.96
2004-05(A)
2.49
3.37
2005-06(P)
2.59
3.37
The
average revenue per unit in Punjab was Rs. 2.49 during 2004-05
which is likely to be increased to Rs. 2.59 during 2005-06.The
average revenue per unit for domestic was Rs 2.56, for industrial
was Rs.3.48, for public lighting was Rs 4.18, whereas it was
Rs 4.20 for commercial consumption during 2004-05 and it is
estimated to be Rs 2.80 for domestic, Rs.3.80 for industrial,
Rs. 4.17 for public lighting and Rs 4.59 for commercial consumption
during 2005-06(P)
Tubewells
Energized
High
yielding varieties of seeds and use of chemical fertilizers
have placed a great demand for irrigation facilities. The
increasing demand is being met by energising more tubewells/pumping
sets. As many as 31212 tubewells were energised during 2004-05(P)
thus bringing the progressive total of energised tubewells
to 912889 in the state.
Transmission
and Distribution Losses
Transmission
and distribution is an another area where special focus is
needed. As per estimates of financial resources of Punjab
State Electricity Board, transmission and distribution losses
(Technical & Non Technical) were 25.35 percent during
2003-04, 24.27 percent during 2004-05 and are estimated to
be 24.00 percent during 2005-06. There is a scope to curb
these losses in the state. The energy saved from such losses
will increase its availability.
Consumption
of Petroleum Products
The
consumption of petrol in 2004-05 (p) was 433069 MTs which
was 3.48 percent lesser than that of 2003-04. The consumption
of high speed diesel in 2004-05 was 2286343 MTs which was
7.99 percent more than that of 2003-04. The consumption of
kerosene oil decreased in 2004-05 by 4.85 percent as compared
to previous year. The number of LPG connections as on 31st March
has increased from 33.27 lakh in 2003-04 to 36.94 lakh in
2004-05 reflecting an increase of 11.03 percent.
Bio-gas
Plants
Bio-gas
plants not only provide energy in a clean and non polluted
form in rural areas but also produce nitrogen enriched manure
for increasing crop production. During 2004-05, Department
of Agriculture Punjab has installed 477 and Punjab Energy
Development Agency has installed 1000 Bio gas plants.
Solar
Thermal System:
Solar
Energy Programme is aimed at supplementing thermal energy
requirements by harnessing solar energy at different temperature
by directly converting it into heat energy. 80 Solar cookers,
310 domestic home light system (one fan and one light), 250
solar street lights were installed by Punjab Energy Development
Agency during 2003-04
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